You can set up Raid 1 system using one of three approaches (Hardware, Hybrid and Software). This post will point you to Software Raid 1 for both Windows 10 and Linux Ubuntu operating systems.
Hardware RAID
Advantages:
Hardware RAID is dedicated processing system, using controllers or RAID cards to manage the RAID configuration independently from the operating system. The RAID controller does not take processing power away from the disks it manages. Thus, more space and speed can be used to read and write data. It can work on any operating system. Replacing failed disk is simple – Just plug it out and put in a new one.
Disadvantages:
As hardware RAID requires additional controller hardware, the cost is higher than software RAID. If your RAID controller fails, you have to find a compatible one to replace in order to get the RAID system to perform the way you set it up.
Software RAID
Advantages:
Unlike hardware RAID, software RAID uses the processing power of the operating system in which the RAID disks are installed. The cost is lower because no additional hardware RAID controller is required. It also permits users to reconfigure arrays without being restricted by the hardware RAID controller.
Disadvantages:
Software RAID tends to be slower than hardware RAID. Since some processing power is taken by the software, read and write speeds of your RAID configuration, along with other operations carried out on the server can be slowed down by it. Software RAID is often specific to the operating system being used, so it cannot generally be used for partitions that are shared between operating systems.
Replacing failed disk in the software RAID is a bit more complex. You have to firstly tell your system to stop using the disk and then replace the disk.
src: https://www.dataplugs.com/en/software-raid-vs-hardware-raid-advantages-disadvantages/
Software Raid 1 in Windows 10 PRO
Just before we get in to details. You need to know that to be able to raid 1 your machine you need to use Windows 10 version PRO or run Windows Server. You will not be able to create RAID 1 on your Windows Home edition.
Software Raid 1 on Linux
Software Raid 1 on dual boot?
If you run both system on same machine on different herderite you can still set up Software dual boot for both systems. Ideally you should have then 4 hard drive and windows 10 PRO on A Linux on B and use drive C to backup A and D ro backup B.